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Nzira yekucheka kristaro yeSapphire boule ingot crystal ky yakagadzirwa seyakura

Safire boule ingot crystal ky method yakagadzirwa Mufananidzo wakaratidzwa
  • Nzira yekucheka kristaro yeSapphire boule ingot crystal ky yakagadzirwa seyakura
  • Nzira yekucheka kristaro yeSapphire boule ingot crystal ky yakagadzirwa seyakura
  • Nzira yekucheka kristaro yeSapphire boule ingot crystal ky yakagadzirwa seyakura
  • Nzira yekucheka kristaro yeSapphire boule ingot crystal ky yakagadzirwa seyakura

Tsananguro pfupi:

An boule resafire rakakuraigoti resafire rine kristalo rimwe chete rinogadzirwa zvakananga kubva muchoto chekukura uye rinopihwa risati ragadziriswa serinongedza, kucheka, kana kupukuta. Rinopa kuomarara kwakanyanya, kusashanda kwemakemikari, kugadzikana kwakanyanya kwekupisa, uye kujeka kwakafara kubva kuUV kuenda kuIR. Izvi zvinoita kuti ive chinhu chakanakira kutanga kugadzirwa kwemahwindo, mawafer/substrates, malenzi, uye mavharo ekudzivirira. Mashandisirwo akajairika anosanganisira zvikamu zve LED ne laser, mahwindo e infrared/visible, wachi dzisingapfeki uye maface emidziyo, uye substrates dzeRF, sensor, nezvimwe zvishandiso zvemagetsi. Maboules anowanzo ongororwa nekristaro, dhayamita/hurefu, dislocation kana defect defect density, kufanana kwemavara, uye inclusions, pamwe nemasevhisi esarudzo anowanikwa ekutungamira nekucheka zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nevatengi.


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    • Zvinhu zvirimo

    Hunhu hweIngot

    saizi ye ingot

    Mufananidzo weIngot

    Dhayagiramu Yakadzama

    safaya ingot11
    safaya ingot08
    seyakakura sapphire ingot01

    Pfupiso

    A bhururu resafiriikristaro imwe chete yakakura, yakakurirwa yealuminium oxide (Al₂O₃) inoshanda senzvimbo yepamusoro yekudyara mawafer esapphire, mahwindo echiedza, zvikamu zvisingapfeki, uye kucheka matombo anokosha.Kuomarara kweMohs 9, kugadzikana kwakanyanya kwekupisa(nzvimbo yekunyunguduka ~2050 °C), uyekujeka kwebroadbandKubva kuUV kusvika pakati peIR, safaya ndiyo chinhu chinoshandiswa pakugara kwenguva refu, kuchena, uye kunaka kwechiedza.

    Tinopa mabhora esapphire asina ruvara uye akagadzirwa nenzira dzekukura dzakasimbiswa neindasitiri, dzakagadzirirwaGaN/AlGaN epitaxy, magirazi ekuona akanyatsojekauyezvikamu zveindasitiri zvinovimbika zvikuru.

    Sei Tichishandisa Sapphire Boule?

    • Hunhu hwekristaro kutanga:kushushikana kwemukati kushoma, huwandu hushoma hwemabubble/striae, kudzora kwakasimba kwekuchekwa kwechikamu chepasi uye epitaxy.

    • Kuchinjika kwemaitiro:Sarudzo dzeKY/HEM/CZ/Verneuil dzekukura kuti uenzanise saizi, kushushikana, uye mutengo wekushandisa kwako.

    • Maitiro ekugadzira zvinhu anokwanisika:Mabhora akaita sedenderedzwa, akaita sekaroti, kana kuti mabhora ane mabhora akatsetseka, mbeu/magumo, uye mabhora ekutarisa.

    • Zvinoteverwa uye zvinodzokororwa:magwaro ebhechi, mishumo yemetrology, uye zvinodiwa zvekugamuchirwa zvinoenderana nezvaunoda.

    Tekinoroji Yekukura

    • KY (Kyropoulos):Mabhora makuru, asina dhayamita yakawanda; anonyanya kufarirwa pakushandisa mawafer emhando ye epi uye ma optics uko kufanana kwe birefringence kunokosha.

    • HEM (Nzira yeKuchinja-Kupisa):Kupisa kwakanyanya uye kudzora kushushikana; zvinokwezva kune magirazi akakora uye midziyo yepamusoro ye epi.

    • CZ (Czochralski):Kudzora kwakasimba kwekutarisa uye kubereka; sarudzo yakanaka yekucheka nguva dzose uye kunobereka goho guru.

    • Verneuil (Musanganiswa weMurazvo):Inochengetedza mari shoma, inoburitsa simba rakawanda; yakakodzera ma optics akajairika, zvikamu zvemakanika, uye ma gem preforms.

    Kurongeka kweKristaro, Geometry & Saizi

    • Maitiro akajairika: ndege ye c (0001), ndege (11-20), r-ndege (1-102), ndege ye m (10-10); ndege dzakagadzirwa nemaoko dziripo.

    • Kurongeka kwenzira:≤ ±0.1° neLaue/XRD (yakasimba kana yakumbirwa).

    • Maumbirwo:Mabhora akaita se cylindrical kana kuti carrot, mabhuroko akaenzana neakaenzana nerectangular, uye tsvimbo.

    • Hamvuropu yehukuru hwakajairika: Ø30–220 mm, kureba 50–400 mm(yakakura/diki yakagadzirwa zvichienderana neodha).

    • Zvinhu zvekupedzisira/Referensi:Kugadzira chitarisiko chembeu/magumo, magadzirirwo emadziro enzvimbo, uye magadzirirwo ekugadzirisa madziro.

    Zvinhu & Zvimiro zveOptical

    • Kuumbwa:Al₂O₃ imwe chete, kuchena kwezvinhu zvisina kucheneswa ≥ 99.99%.

    • Kuwanda:~3.98 g/cm³

    • Kuoma:Mohs 9

    • Chiratidzo cheRefractive (589 nm): nₒ≈ 1.768,nₑ≈ 1.760 (negative uniaxial; Δn ≈ 0.008)

    • Hwindo rekutumira: UV kusvika ~5 µm(kukora uye kusachena zvinoenderana)

    • Kufambisa kwekupisa (300 K):~25 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹

    • CTE (20–300 °C):~5–8 × 10⁻⁶ /K (zvinoenderana nekunanga)

    • Modulus yaYoung:~345 GPa

    • Zvemagetsi:Inodzivirira kupisa zvakanyanya (kusimba kwehuwandu kazhinji ≥ 10¹⁴ Ω·cm)

    Magiredhi & Sarudzo

    • Giredhi reEpitaxy:Mabhuru/striae akaderera zvakanyanya uye kuderedzwa kwe stress birefringence yema wafers eGaN/AlGaN MOCVD ane goho rakakura (2–8 inches zvichikwira pasi).

    • Giredhi reOptical:Kutapurirana kwemukati kwakanyanya uye kufanana kwemahwindo, malenzi, uye maIR viewports.

    • Giredhi reGeneral/Mechanical:Chigadzirwa chewachi chinogara kwenguva refu uye chinodhura zvakanaka, chine makristaro, mabhatani, zvikamu zvekupfekwa, uye zvinofukidza zvinhu.

    • Kudhakwa/Ruvara:

      • Isina ruvara(yakajairika)
        Cr:Al₂O₃(rubhi),Ti:Al₂O₃(Ti:safire) preforms
        Mamwe ma chromophores (Fe/Ti) kana akumbirwa

    Mashandisirwo

    Semiconductor: Zvishandiso zvema LED eGaN, ma micro-LED, ma HEMT emagetsi, zvishandiso zveRF (sapphire wafer feedstock).

    Optics & Photonics: Mahwindo ane tembiricha yepamusoro/kumanikidzwa, ma IR viewports, mahwindo ane laser cavity, ma detector covers.

    Zvishandiso Zvinoshandiswa Nevatengi: Makristaro ewachi, machira emakamera, machira eminwe, zvikamu zvepamusoro zvekunze.

    Maindasitiri & Mudenga: Manozzle, zvigaro zvemavharuvhu, maringi ezvisimbiso, mahwindo ekudzivirira, uye nzvimbo dzekutarisa.

    Kukura kweLaser/Crystal: Ti:safira neruby hosts zvinobva kubhora rakadhakwa.

    Ruzivo rwepakarepo (Runowanzo shandiswa, rwekutarisa)

    Paramita Kukosha (Kwakajairika)
    Kuumbwa Al₂O₃ ine kristaro imwe chete (≥ 99.99% kuchena)
    Kudzidziswa c / a / r / m (inogadziriswa kana yakumbirwa)
    Nhamba yenhamba @ 589 nm nₒ≈ 1.768,nₑ≈ 1.760
    Rudzi rwekutumira ~0.2–5 µm (zvinoenderana nekukora)
    Kufambisa kwekupisa ~25 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹ (300 K)
    CTE (20–300 °C) ~5–8 × 10⁻⁶/K
    Modulus yeYoung ~345 GPa
    Kuwanda kwevanhu ~3.98 g/cm³
    Kuoma Mohs 9
    Zvemagetsi Kudzivirira vhoriyamu; ≥ 10¹⁴ Ω·cm

     

    Maitiro Ekugadzira Wafer yeSapphire

    1. Kukura kweKristaro
      Alumina ine hunyoro hwakanyanya (Al₂O₃) inonyungudutswa yozokura kuita chinhu chimwe chete chekristaro chesafire uchishandisaKyropoulos (KY) or Czochralski (CZ)nzira.

    2. Kugadziriswa kweIngot
      Iyo ingot inogadzirwa nechimiro chakajairika - kuchekerera, kugadzira dhayamita, uye kugadzirisa magumo.

    3. Kucheka
      Safire ingot inochekwa kuita mawafer matete uchishandisawaya yedhaimani yakachekwa.

    4. Kurovera mativi maviri
      Mativi ese ari maviri ewafer anonamirwa kubvisa mavanga ekucheka uye kuita ukobvu hwakaenzana.

    5. Kunyungudutsa
      Mawafers anopiswa nekupisabvisa kushushikana kwemukatiuye kuvandudza kunaka kwekristaro uye kujeka kwayo.

    6. Kukuya kwemucheto
      Micheto yewafer inonamirwa kuti isatsemuke kana kutsemuka panguva yekugadziriswa kwacho.

    7. Kuisa
      Mawafer anoiswa pamidziyo yekutakura kana kuti pamidziyo yekutakura kuti inyatsokwenenzverwa uye iongororwe.

    8. DMP (Kupukuta Kwemichina Kwemativi Maviri)
      Nzvimbo dzewafer dzakakweshwa nemashini kuti pave nekutsetseka kwepamusoro.

    9. CMP (Kupukuta Kwemakemikari Emakemikari)
      Danho rakanaka rekupukuta rinosanganisa makemikari nemabasa emakanika kugadzirapamusoro pakaita segirazi.

    10. Kuongorora Zvinoonekwa
      Vashandisi kana masisitimu ega ega vanoongorora zvikanganiso zviri pachena pamusoro.

    11. Kuongorora Kufara
      Kufanana kwehukobvu nehwakati sandara zvinoyerwa kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti mativi acho akanyatsojeka.

    12. Kuchenesa RCA
      Kuchenesa makemikari kwakajairika kunobvisa tsvina yeorganic, metallic, uye tunhu tudiki.

    13. Kuchenesa Zvikwesheso
      Kukwesha nemaoko kunobvisa zvidimbu zvidiki-diki zvasara.

    14. Kuongorora Kwakakwana Kwechikanganiso Chepamusoro
      Kuongorora kwemaziso otomatiki kunoona zvikanganiso zvidiki zvakaita sekukwenya, maburi, kana kusvibiswa.

     

    1. Kukura kweKristaro
      Alumina ine hunyoro hwakanyanya (Al₂O₃) inonyungudutswa yozokura kuita chinhu chimwe chete chekristaro chesafire uchishandisaKyropoulos (KY) or Czochralski (CZ)nzira.

    2. Kugadziriswa kweIngot
      Iyo ingot inogadzirwa nechimiro chakajairika - kuchekerera, kugadzira dhayamita, uye kugadzirisa magumo.

    3. Kucheka
      Safire ingot inochekwa kuita mawafer matete uchishandisawaya yedhaimani yakachekwa.

    4. Kurovera mativi maviri
      Mativi ese ari maviri ewafer anonamirwa kubvisa mavanga ekucheka uye kuita ukobvu hwakaenzana.

    5. Kunyungudutsa
      Mawafers anopiswa nekupisabvisa kushushikana kwemukatiuye kuvandudza kunaka kwekristaro uye kujeka kwayo.

    6. Kukuya kwemucheto
      Micheto yewafer inonamirwa kuti isatsemuke kana kutsemuka panguva yekugadziriswa kwacho.

    7. Kuisa
      Mawafer anoiswa pamidziyo yekutakura kana kuti pamidziyo yekutakura kuti inyatsokwenenzverwa uye iongororwe.

    8. DMP (Kupukuta Kwemichina Kwemativi Maviri)
      Nzvimbo dzewafer dzakakweshwa nemashini kuti pave nekutsetseka kwepamusoro.

    9. CMP (Kupukuta Kwemakemikari Emakemikari)
      Danho rakanaka rekupukuta rinosanganisa makemikari nemabasa emakanika kugadzirapamusoro pakaita segirazi.

    10. Kuongorora Zvinoonekwa
      Vashandisi kana masisitimu ega ega vanoongorora zvikanganiso zviri pachena pamusoro.

    11. Kuongorora Kufara
      Kufanana kwehukobvu nehwakati sandara zvinoyerwa kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti mativi acho akanyatsojeka.

    12. Kuchenesa RCA
      Kuchenesa makemikari kwakajairika kunobvisa tsvina yeorganic, metallic, uye tunhu tudiki.

    13. Kuchenesa Zvikwesheso
      Kukwesha nemaoko kunobvisa zvidimbu zvidiki-diki zvasara.

    14. Kuongorora Kwakakwana Kwechikanganiso Chepamusoro
      Kuongorora kwemaziso otomatiki kunoona zvikanganiso zvidiki zvakaita sekukwenya, maburi, kana kusvibiswa.

    Sapphire Boule (Single-Crystal Al₂O₃) — Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

    Mubvunzo 1: Chii chinonzi sapphire boule?
    A: Rine kristaro imwe chete yealuminium oxide (Al₂O₃) yakura. Ndiyo "ingot" inoshandiswa kugadzira mawafer esapphire, mahwindo echiedza, uye zvinhu zvinopfekwa zvakanyanya.

    Mubvunzo wechipiri: Boule ine hukama hwakadii nemawafer kana mahwindo?
    A: Boule rinonamirwa → rakachekwa → rakamonerwa → rakaposhwa kuti rigadzire mawafer e epi-grade kana zvikamu zve optical/mechanical. Kufanana kweboule rinonamirwa kunokanganisa zvakanyanya goho riri pasi.

    Mubvunzo wechitatu: Ndedzipi nzira dzekukura dziripo uye dzakasiyana sei?
    A: KY (Kyropoulos)uyeHEMgoho rakakura,kushushikana kushomamabhora—anonyanya kushandiswa pakushandisa epitaxy uye optics yepamusoro-soro.CZ (Czochralski)inopa zvakanakisisakudzora kwekutarisauye kuenderana kwezvinhu zvakawanda.Verneuil (musanganiswa wemurazvo) is isingadhuri zvakanyanyaye optics yakajairika uye gem preforms.

    Mubvunzo wechina: Ndeapi marongero amunopa? Kururama kupi kwakajairika?
    A: ndege ye c (0001), ndege ye a (11-20), ndege ye r (1-102), ndege ye m (10-10), uye tsika. Kurongeka kwenzira kunowanzo shandiswa≤ ±0.1°yakasimbiswa naLaue/XRD (yakaoma kana yakumbirwa).

  • Yakapfuura:
  • Zvinotevera:

    • Makristasi EmaOptical-Grade Ane Mutoro Wekutarisira Zvimedu Mumba

    Mabhuru edu ese eSapphire anogadzirwa kutigiredhi remaziso, kuve nechokwadi chekuti hutachiona hwacho hwakwira, hunoenderana zvakanyanya, uye huwandu hwemabubbles ne dislocation hushoma kune ma optics nema electronics anoda simba. Isu tinodzora crystal orientation uye birefringence kubva kumbeu kuenda ku boule, nekutevera kwakazara uye kuenderana pakati pema run. Saizi, mafambiro (c-, a-, r-plane), uye tolerances zvinogona kugadziriswa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvako zve slicing/polishing.
    Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti chero chinhu chipi zvacho chisingaenderane nezvinodiwakugadziriswa zvachose mukatikuburikidza nekushanda kwemabasa kwakavharwa-kurongwa, kudzokorodzwa, uye kuraswa zvine mufungo—saka unowana mhando yakavimbika pasina kubata kana kutevedzera mitemo. Nzira iyi inoderedza njodzi, inopfupisa nguva yekutungamira, uye inotsigira zvinangwa zvako zvekuchengetedza hupenyu.

    Bhendi reKurema kweIngot (kg) 2″ 4″ 6″ 8″ 12″ Zvinyorwa
    10–30 Zvakakodzera Zvakakodzera Zvishoma/zvinogoneka Hazviwanzoitiki Hazvina kushandiswa Kucheka kwechimiro chidiki; 6″ zvinoenderana nedhayamita/hurefu hunoshandiswa.
    30–80 Zvakakodzera Zvakakodzera Zvakakodzera Zvishoma/zvinogoneka Hazviwanzoitiki Nzvimbo huru yekushandisa; dzimwe nguva nzvimbo dzekutyaira dzine 8″.
    80–150 Zvakakodzera Zvakakodzera Zvakakodzera Zvakakodzera Hazviwanzoitiki Yakaenzana zvakanaka pakugadzirwa kwema 6–8″.
    150–250 Zvakakodzera Zvakakodzera Zvakakodzera Zvakakodzera Zvishoma/R&D Inotsigira kuyedzwa kwekutanga kwe12″ ne tight specs.
    250–300 Zvakakodzera Zvakakodzera Zvakakodzera Zvakakodzera Zvishoma/zvakanyatsotsanangurwa 8″ ine vhoriyamu yepamusoro; 12″ yakasarudzwa inomhanyisa.
    >300 Zvakakodzera Zvakakodzera Zvakakodzera Zvakakodzera Zvakakodzera Chikero cheFrontier; 12″ inogoneka nekuenzana kwakasimba/kudzora goho.

     

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