Ndege dzekristaro uye kutaridzika kwekristaro ndiwo maviri akakosha pfungwa mucrystallography, ane hukama zvakanyanya nekristaro chimiro musilicon-yakavakirwa yakabatanidzwa yedunhu tekinoroji.
1.Tsanangudzo uye Zvivakwa zveCrystal Oientation
Crystal orientation inomiririra chaiyo kutungamira mukati mekristaro, inowanzo ratidzwa nekristaro yekutarisa indices. Crystal orientation inotsanangurwa nekubatanidza chero mapikisi maviri e lattice mukati meiyo crystal structure, uye ine maitiro anotevera: imwe neimwe yekrisiti yakatarisa ine nhamba isingagumi ye lattice points; imwe kristaro yakatarisana inogona kuve neakawanda parallel crystal oientations inoumba mhuri yekristaro inotarisisa; iyo crystal inotarisisa mhuri inovhara ese mapoinzi elatisi mukati mekristaro.
Kukosha kwekutenderera kwekristaro kuri mukuratidza kurongeka kwemaatomu mukati mekristaro. Semuyenzaniso, iyo [111] crystal orientation inomiririra yakananga uko mareshiyo ezviyereso zveaya matatu anoronga ari 1:1:1.
2. Tsanangudzo uye Zvivakwa zveCrystal Planes
A crystal plane indege yeatomu kuronga mukati mekristaro, inomiririrwa nekristaro plane indices (Miller indices). Semuyenzaniso, (111) inoratidza kuti kudzokororwa kwezvinopindirana nendege yekristaro pamasanhu akarongeka ari muchiyero che1:1:1. Iyo crystal plane ine zvinhu zvinotevera: imwe neimwe ndege yekrisiti ine nhamba isingagumi ye lattice points; ndege yega yega yekristaro ine nhamba isingaperi yendege dzakafanana dzinoumba mhuri yekristaro ndege; mhuri yecrystal plane inovhara kristaro yese.
Kutemerwa kweMiller indices kunosanganisira kutora mabatirwo eiyo ndege yekristaro pane imwe neimwe yakarongeka axis, kutsvaga kudzoka kwavo, uye kuishandura kuita diki diki reshiyo. Semuyenzaniso, iyo (111) ndege yekristaro ine zvinodimikira pamatemo x, y, uye z mureshiyo ye1:1:1.
3. Hukama huri pakati peCrystal Planes uye Crystal Orientation
Ndege dzeCrystal uye kutaridzika kwekristaro inzira mbiri dzakasiyana dzekutsanangura chimiro chejometri chekristaro. Crystal orientation inoreva marongerwo emaatomu akananga kwaakananga, nepo ndege yekristaro ichireva kurongeka kwemaatomu pane imwe ndege. Idzi mbiri dzine imwe tsamba, asi dzinomiririra pfungwa dzakasiyana dzemuviri.
Hukama hwakakosha: Iyo yakajairika vector yekristaro plane (kureva, iyo vector perpendicular kune iyo ndege) inoenderana nekristaro yakatarisana. Semuenzaniso, yakajairika vector ye (111) crystal plane inofanana ne [111] crystal orientation, zvichireva kuti kurongeka kweatomu padivi pe [111] gwara kune perpendicular kune iyo ndege.
Mune semiconductor maitiro, kusarudzwa kwekristaro ndege kunokanganisa zvakanyanya mashandiro echishandiso. Semuenzaniso, mu-silicon-based semiconductors, ndege dzekristaro dzinowanzoshandiswa ndedze (100) uye (111) ndege nokuti dzine hurongwa hwakasiyana hweatomu uye nzira dzekubatanidza nenzira dzakasiyana. Zvivakwa zvakaita sekufamba kwemaerekitironi uye simba repamusoro zvinosiyana pandege dzekristaro dzakasiyana, zvichipesvedzera mashandiro nekukura kwemidziyo yesemiconductor.
4. Zvishandiso zvinoshanda muSemiconductor Maitiro
Mukugadzirwa kwesilicon-based semiconductor, kutariswa kwekristaro uye ndege dzekristaro dzinoiswa mune zvakawanda zvinhu:
Crystal Kukura: Semiconductor makristasi anowanzo kukura pamwe chete nekristaro maitiro. Makristasi eSilicon anowanzo kukura achitevedza [100] kana [111] maitiro nekuti kugadzikana uye kurongeka kweatomu mune aya maitiro akanakira kukura kwekristaro.
Etching Maitiro: Mukunyorova etching, ndege dzakasiyana dzekristaro dzine mareti akasiyana etching. Semuenzaniso, iyo etching mitengo pa (100) uye (111) ndege dzesilicon dzinosiyana, zvichikonzera anisotropic etching mhedzisiro.
Device Characteristics: Iyo electron mobility muMOSFET madivayiri inokanganiswa neiyo crystal ndege. Kazhinji, kufamba kwacho kwakakwira pane (100) ndege, ndosaka mazuvano masilicon-based MOSFETs anonyanya kushandisa (100) mawafer.
Muchidimbu, ndege dzekristaro uye kutaridzika kwekristaro inzira mbiri dzakakosha dzekutsanangura chimiro chemakristasi mucrystallography. Crystal orientation inomiririra zvivakwa mukati mekristaro, nepo ndege dzekristaro dzichitsanangura ndege dzakanangana mukati mekristaro. Aya mafungiro maviri akabatana zvakanyanya mukugadzira semiconductor. Kusarudzwa kwendege dzekristaro kunokanganisa zvakananga zvinhu zvenyama uye zvemakemikari zvimiro, nepo kutariswa kwekristaro kunopesvedzera kukura kwekristaro uye maitiro ekugadzirisa. Kunzwisisa hukama pakati pemakristaro ndege uye kutaridzika kwakakosha pakugadzirisa semiconductor maitiro uye kugadzirisa mashandiro echishandiso.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-08-2024