MaSemiconductor anoshanda sedombo guru renguva yeruzivo, nekudzokororwa kwega kwega kwezvinhu kunotsanangura patsva miganhu yetekinoroji yevanhu. Kubva kuma semiconductor echizvarwa chekutanga chesilicon kusvika kuzvinhu zvechizvarwa chechina zvemazuva ano, shanduko yega yega yekushanduka-shanduka yakatungamira kufambira mberi mukutaurirana, simba, uye komputa. Nekuongorora hunhu uye mafambiro ekuchinja kwezvizvarwa zvezvinhu zve semiconductor zviripo, tinogona kufanotaura mafambiro angangoitika kuma semiconductor echizvarwa chechishanu uku tichiongorora nzira dzeChina dzehunyanzvi munzvimbo iyi yemakwikwi.
I. Hunhu uye Pfungwa dzekushanduka-shanduka kwezvizvarwa zvina zveSemiconductor
Semiconductors yeChizvarwa Chekutanga: Nguva yeSilicon-Germanium Foundation
Hunhu: Ma semiconductor e elemental akadai sesilicon (Si) negermanium (Ge) anopa mashandiro ekugadzira anobudirira uye ane hunyanzara, asi ane matambudziko ekukanda mabhora (Si: 1.12 eV; Ge: 0.67 eV), anodzivisa kushivirira magetsi uye mashandiro efrequency yakakwira.
Mashandisirwo: Maseketi akabatanidzwa, masero ezuva, zvishandiso zvine voltage shoma/frequency yakaderera.
Chinofambisa Kuchinja: Kudiwa kuri kukura kwekushanda kwemaoptoelectronics kuri kuwedzera kupfuura kugona kwesilicon.
Semiconductors yechizvarwa chechipiri: Chimurenga che III-V Compound
Hunhu: Makomputa eIII-V akadai segallium arsenide (GaAs) uye indium phosphide (InP) ane mabandgaps akafara (GaAs: 1.42 eV) uye kufamba kwemaerekitironi kwakakwira kweRF uye ma photonic applications.
Mashandisirwo: Midziyo ye5G RF, ma diode elaser, kutaurirana kwesatellite.
Matambudziko: Kushomeka kwezvinhu (kuwanda kwe indium: 0.001%), zvinhu zvine chepfu (arsenic), uye mitengo yakakwira yekugadzira.
Chinoshandura: Kushandiswa kwesimba/simba kunoda zvinhu zvine voltage yakawanda yekupwanya.
Semiconductors yeChizvarwa Chechitatu: Wide Bandgap Energy Revolution
Hunhu: Silicon carbide (SiC) ne gallium nitride (GaN) zvinopa mabandgaps >3eV (SiC:3.2eV; GaN:3.4eV), ine thermal conductivity yepamusoro uye high-frequency hunhu.
Mashandisirwo: Ma electropowertrains emagetsi, ma PV inverters, 5G infrastructure.
Zvakanakira: Kuchengetedza simba ne50%+ uye kuderedza saizi ne70% zvichienzaniswa nesilicon.
Transition Driver: AI/quantum computing inoda zvinhu zvine hunyanzvi hwakanyanya.
Semiconductors yechizvarwa chechina: Bandgap Frontier yakafara zvikuru
Hunhu: Gallium oxide (Ga₂O₃) nedhaimani (C) zvinokwanisa kudzikamisa magetsi kusvika pa4.8eV, zvichibatanidza ultra-low on-resistance pamwe ne kV-class voltage tolerance.
Mashandisirwo: MaIC ane voltage yakakwira zvakanyanya, ma detector e UV akadzika, kutaurirana kwe quantum.
Kubudirira: Midziyo yeGa₂O₃ inokwanisa kutsungirira >8kV, zvichiwedzera katatu kushanda kweSiC.
Pfungwa dzekushanduka-shanduka: Kukwira kwesimba reQuantum-scale kunodiwa kuti ukwanise kukunda miganhu yemuviri.
I. Mafambiro eSemiconductor yeChizvarwa Chechishanu: Quantum Materials & 2D Architectures
Zvinhu zvinogona kukonzera kukura kwechirwere zvinosanganisira:
1. Zvidziviriri zveTopological: Kufambisa pamusoro pemvura nekudzivirira kwakawanda kunoita kuti magetsi asarasike zvachose.
2. Zvinhu zve2D: Graphene/MoS₂ zvinopa mhinduro yeTHz-frequency uye zvinogoneka kushandisa magetsi.
3. Quantum Dots & Photonic Crystals: Kugadzira Bandgap kunogonesa kubatanidzwa kwe optoelectronic-thermal.
4. Bio-Semiconductors: Zvinhu zvinozvisanganisa zveDNA/protein zvinobatanidza biology nemagetsi.
5. Zvinhu Zvikuru Zvinoita Kuti Ushandise AI: Kushanda kweuropi nekombiyuta, uye zvinodiwa pakushanda kwemhepo zvakanyanya pakupisa kwekamuri.
II. Mikana yeChina yeSemiconductor: Kubva pakuva Muteveri kusvika pakuva Mutungamiriri
1. Kubudirira Kwetekinoroji
• Chizvarwa chechitatu: Kugadzirwa kwakawanda kwezvikamu zveSiC zvemainji masere; maSiC MOSFET emhando yemotokari mumotokari dzeBYD
• Chizvarwa chechina: Kubudirira kweGa₂O₃ epitaxy ine 8-inch neXUPT neCETC46
2. Rutsigiro rweMutemo
• Chirongwa chemakore mashanu chegumi nemana chinopa kukosha kune masemiconductor echizvarwa chechitatu
• Mari yeindasitiri yepurovhinzi inosvika mabhiriyoni zana eyuan yakagadzwa
• Zvishandiso zveGaN zvemainchi 6-8 uye matransistors eGa₂O₃ akanyorwa pakati pematekinoroji gumi epamusoro muna 2024.
III. Matambudziko uye Mhinduro Dzakakosha
1. Zvipingamupinyi zvehunyanzvi
• Kukura kweCrystal: Goho diki remabhora makuru (semuenzaniso, kupwanyika kweGa₂O₃)
• Mitemo Yekuvimbika: Kushaikwa kwemitemo yakatarwa yekuyedza kukwegura kwakasimba/kwakawanda
2. Mipata yeKugovera Zvinhu
• Midziyo: <20% yemurimi weSiC crystal
• Kugamuchirwa: Kusarudzwa kwezvikamu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika
3. Nzira Dzakarongeka
• Kushanda pamwe chete muindasitiri nedzidzo: Kwakatevedzera "Third-Gen Semiconductor Alliance"
• Kutarisa paNiche: Isa pamberi kutaurirana kwequantum/misika mitsva yesimba
• Kuvandudza Matarenda: Tanga mapurogiramu edzidzo e "Chip Science & Engineering"
Kubva pasilicon kusvika kuGa₂O₃, shanduko yema semiconductor inoratidza kukunda kwevanhu pamusoro pemiganhu yemuviri. Mukana weChina uri mukuziva zvinhu zvechizvarwa chechina uku uchitanga kugadzira zvinhu zvitsva zvechizvarwa chechishanu. Sezvakataurwa neAcademician Yang Deren: "Kugadzira zvinhu zvitsva zvechokwadi kunoda kugadzira nzira dzisina kufambiswa." Kubatana kwemutemo, mari, uye tekinoroji ndiko kuchasarudza magumo eChina ema semiconductor.
XKH yave kambani inobatanidza mhinduro dzakagadzirwa nemaoko ine hunyanzvi muzvinhu zve semiconductor zvemhando yepamusoro muzvizvarwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvetekinoroji. Nehunyanzvi hwayo hunosanganisira kukura kwekristaro, kugadzirisa nemazvo, uye matekinoroji anoshanda ekuputira, XKH inopa ma substrates anoshanda zvakanyanya uye ma epitaxial wafers ekushandisa pamagetsi emagetsi, kutaurirana kweRF, uye masisitimu e optoelectronic. Ecosystem yedu yekugadzira inosanganisira maitiro ekugadzira ma silicon carbide ne gallium nitride wafers ane 4-8 inch ane hutungamiriri hwekugadzirisa kukanganisa, ukuwo ichichengetedza mapurogiramu eR&D anoshanda muzvinhu zvitsva zvinosanganisira gallium oxide ne diamond semiconductors. Kuburikidza nekushandira pamwe nemasangano ekutsvagisa anotungamira nevagadziri vemidziyo, XKH yakagadzira puratifomu yekugadzira inochinjika inokwanisa kutsigira kugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvakajairwa zvakanyanya uye kuvandudzwa kwakasarudzika kwemhinduro dzezvinhu zvakagadzirwa. Hunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi hweXKH hunotarisa pakugadzirisa matambudziko akakosha eindasitiri akadai sekuvandudza kufanana kwewafer yemidziyo yemagetsi, kusimudzira manejimendi yekupisa muRF applications, uye kugadzira heterostructures itsva yezvigadzirwa zve photonic zvechizvarwa chinotevera. Nekubatanidza sainzi yezvinhu yepamusoro nehunyanzvi hwekugadzira zvinhu nemazvo, XKH inogonesa vatengi kukunda zvipingamupinyi zvekushanda mukushandiswa kwemagetsi akawanda, simba guru, uye nzvimbo dzakanyanya kuoma uku vachitsigira shanduko yeindasitiri yemichina yemukati yekuenda kurusununguko rwakakura rwekugovera zvinhu.
Zvinotevera ndizvo XKH's 12inchsapphire wafer uye 12inch SiC substrate:
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-06-2025