1. Kushushikana Kwekushisa Panguva Yekutonhodza (Chikonzero Chekutanga)
Fused quartz inogadzira kushushikana pasi pemamiriro ekushisa asina kufanana. Pane chero tembiricha yakapihwa, chimiro cheatomu cheiyo fused quartz inosvika pa "optimal" yekumisikidzwa kwenzvimbo. Sezvo tembiricha inochinja, nzvimbo yeatomu inoshanduka zvinoenderana — chiitiko chinowanzo kunzi kuwedzera kupisa. Kana quartz yakasanganiswa ichipisa kana kutonhodzwa zvisina kuenzana, kuwedzera kusiri kwakafanana kunoitika.
Thermal stress inowanzoitika apo nzvimbo dzinopisa dzinoedza kuwedzera asi dzichimanikidzwa nenzvimbo dzakapoteredzwa dzinotonhorera. Izvi zvinogadzira compressive stress, iyo kazhinji isingakonzere kukanganisa. Kana tembiricha yakakwira zvakakwana kupfavisa girazi, kushushikana kunogona kudzikiswa. Nekudaro, kana mwero wekutonhora uchimhanya zvakanyanya, viscosity inowedzera nekukurumidza, uye chimiro cheatomu chemukati hachigone kugadzirisa nenguva kune tembiricha inodzikira. Izvi zvinoguma nekushushikana kwekunetseka, izvo zvinowanzokonzera kutsemuka kana kutadza.
Kushungurudzika kwakadaro kunowedzera sekudonha kwekushisa, kusvika kumazinga akakwirira pamagumo ekutonhora. Tembiricha apo girazi requartz rinosvika kune viscosity pamusoro pe10 ^ 4.6 poise inonzistrain point. Panguva ino, viscosity yezvinhu yakakwira zvekuti kushushikana kwemukati kunobva kwavharirwa mukati uye hakuchagone kuparara.
2. Kushungurudzika kubva Phase Transition uye Structural Relaxation
Metastable Structural Relaxation:
Munyika yakanyungudutswa, quartz yakasanganiswa inoratidza kurongeka kweatomu. Pakutonhodza, maatomu anowanzo zorora akananga kune yakagadzikana gadziriro. Nekudaro, iyo yakakwira viscosity yenyika ine girazi inotadzisa kufamba kweatomu, zvichikonzera kugadzikana kwemukati chimiro uye kuunza zororo kushushikana. Nokufamba kwenguva, kushungurudzika uku kunogona kusunungurwa zvishoma nezvishoma, chiitiko chinozivikanwa segirazi kuchembera.
Crystallization Tendency:
Kana fused quartz inobatwa mukati meimwe tembiricha yemhando (senge padyo nekristalllization tembiricha) kwenguva yakareba, microcrystallization inogona kuitika-somuenzaniso, kunaya kwecristobalite microcrystals. Iyo volumetric mismatch pakati pecrystalline uye amorphous phases inogadziraphase transition stress.
3. Mechanical Mutoro uye Kunze Simba
1. Stress kubva Kugadzirisa:
Mechanical masimba anoiswa panguva yekucheka, kukuya, kana kupukuta anogona kuunza pamusoro pelatisi kukanganisa uye kugadzirisa kushushikana. Semuenzaniso, panguva yekucheka nevhiri rekukuya, kupisa kwenzvimbo uye kudzvanywa kwemagetsi kumucheto kunokonzera kushushikana. Maitiro asina kufanira mukuchera kana kutsveta anogona kutungamira kune kushushikana kunetseka pane notches, kushanda senge crack initiation point.
2. Stress kubva kuSevhisi Conditions:
Kana ichishandiswa sechinhu chekugadzira, fused quartz inogona kusangana nehukuru-scale kushushikana nekuda kwekuremerwa kwemagetsi sekumanikidza kana kukotama. Semuyenzaniso, quartz glassware inogona kukura kupeta kushushikana kana yakabata zvinorema.
4. Thermal Shock uye Rapid Temperature Fluctuation
1. Kushushikana Kwepakarepo kubva Kukurumidza Kupisa/Kutonhora:
Kunyange zvazvo quartz yakasanganiswa iine yakaderera kupisa kwekuwedzera coefficient (~ 0.5 × 10⁻⁶/°C), kukurumidza kuchinja tembiricha (semuenzaniso, kupisa kubva mukamuri tembiricha kusvika kune yakakwira tembiricha, kana kunyudzwa mumvura yechando) inogona kuramba ichikonzera kukwira kwekushisa kwenzvimbo. Aya ma gradients anoguma nekukasira kuwedzera kwekupisa kana kudhonzwa, kuburitsa nekukurumidza kupisa kushushikana. Muenzaniso wakajairika ndeyerabhoritari quartzware fracturing nekuda kwekuvhunduka kwekupisa.
2. Cyclic Thermal Kuneta:
Kana yakaratidzirwa kune kwenguva refu, inodzokororwa tembiricha inochinja-senge muvira rechoto kana mahwindo ekutarisa-kupisa kwepamusoro-yakasanganiswa quartz inowedzera kuwedzera uye kuderera. Izvi zvinotungamira kuneta kushushikana kuunganidza, kukurumidza kuchembera uye njodzi yekutsemuka.
5. Kemikari Induced Stress
1. Corrosion uye Dissolution Stress:
Kana quartz yakasanganiswa ikasangana neakasimba alkaline mhinduro (semuenzaniso, NaOH) kana yakakwirira-tembiricha acidic magasi (semuenzaniso, HF), ngura yepasi uye kunyungudika kunoitika. Izvi zvinokanganisa kufanana kwechimiro uye zvinokonzeresa kusagadzikana kwemakemikari. Semuenzaniso, alkali corrosion inogona kutungamira kukuchinja kwehuwandu hwepamusoro kana kuumbwa kwe microcrack.
2. CVD-Induced Stress:
Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) maitiro anoisa machira (semuenzaniso, SiC) pane yakasanganiswa quartz inogona kuunza kushushikana kwemukati nekuda kwekusiyana kwemafuta ekuwedzera coefficients kana elastic moduli pakati pezvinhu zviviri izvi. Munguva yekutonhora, kushushikana uku kunogona kukonzera delamination kana kuputika kwejasi kana substrate.
6. Kukanganisa Kwemukati uye Kusvibiswa
1. Bubbles uye Inclusions:
Mafuro egasi asara kana tsvina (semuenzaniso, maion esimbi kana zvimedu zvisina kunyungudutswa) zvinounzwa panguva yekunyunguduka zvinogona kushanda sezvinhu zvinokonzeresa kushushikana. Misiyano mukuwedzera kwekupisa kana elasticity pakati peizvi inclusions uye girazi matrix zvinogadzira kushushikana kwemukati mukati. Kutsemuka kunowanzotanga pamicheto yekusakwana uku.
2. Microcracks uye Zvimiro Zvikanganiso:
Kusachena kana kukanganisa mune yakabikwa kana kubva mukunyunguduka kunogona kukonzera mukati me microcracks. Pasi pemutoro wemechani kana kupisa bhasikoro, kushushikana kwepfungwa pamazano ekuparuka kunogona kusimudzira kupararira, kuderedza kutendeseka kwezvinhu.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-04-2025